\[a_{1} = 8;\ \ S_{22} = 484:\]
\[\frac{2a_{1} + 21d}{2} \cdot 22 = 484\]
\[2a_{1} + 21d = \frac{484}{11}\]
\[2a_{1} + 21d = 44\]
\[21d = 44 - 16\]
\[21d = 28\]
\[d = \frac{28}{21} = \frac{4}{3}.\]
\[a_{16} = a_{1} + 15d = 8 + \frac{15 \cdot 4}{3} =\]
\[= 8 + 20 = 28.\]
\[Ответ:\ a_{16} = 28;\ \ d = \frac{4}{3}.\]