\[\boxed{\text{473\ (473).\ }\text{Еуроки\ -\ ДЗ\ без\ мороки}}\]
\[1)\ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x^{2} + y^{2} = a \\ |y| = 1\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} y \geq 0\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ y = 1\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ x^{2} + 1 - a = 0 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \ \ \ \ \ и\ \]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} y < 0\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ y = - 1\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ x^{2} + 1 - a = 0 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[Если\ a > 1,\ то\ система\ имеет\ \]
\[4\ решения,\ так\ как\ по\ 2\]
\[\ решения\ в\ каждой\]
\[системе.\]
\[Если\ a = 1,\ то\ 2\ решения\ \]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} x = 0 \\ y = 1 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \ \ и\ \ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x = 0\ \ \ \\ y = - 1 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ .\]
\[Если\ a < 1,\ то\ нет\ решений.\]
\[Ответ:\ a > 1 - \ 4\ решения;\]
\[a = 1 - 2решения;\]
\[a < 1 - нет\ решений.\ \]
\[2)\ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x^{2} + y^{2} = 9 \\ y = a - |x| \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} x \geq 0\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ y = a - x\ \ \ \ \\ x^{2} + y^{2} = 9 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ }и\ \ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x < 0\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ y = a + x\ \ \ \ \\ x^{2} + y^{2} = 9 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \ \]
\[\ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x \geq 0\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ y = a - x\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ x^{2} + a^{2} - 2ax + x^{2} - 9 = 0 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[2x^{2} - 2ax + a^{2} - 9 = 0\]
\[D = 4a^{2} - 8a^{2} + 72 =\]
\[= - 4a^{2} + 72\]
\[x_{1,2} = \frac{2a \pm \sqrt{- 4a^{2} + 72}}{4} =\]
\[= \frac{a \pm \sqrt{18 - a^{2}}}{2}\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} x < 0\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ y = a + x\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ x^{2} + a^{2} + 2ax + x^{2} - 9 = 0 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[D = 4a^{2} - 8a^{2} + 72 =\]
\[= - 4a^{2} + 72\]
\[x_{1,2} = \frac{- 2a \pm \sqrt{- 4a^{2} + 72}}{4} =\]
\[= \frac{- a \pm \sqrt{18 - a^{2}}}{2}\]
\[18 - a^{2} \geq 0,\ \ a^{2} \leq 18,\]
\[\ \ a \in \left\lbrack - 3\sqrt{2};3\sqrt{2} \right\rbrack\]
\[Если\ a > 3\sqrt{2},\ то\]
\[\ \sqrt{18 - a^{2}} < 0 - нет\ решений.\]
\[Если\ a = 3\sqrt{2},то\]
\[\ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x = 3\sqrt{2} \\ y = 0 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \ \ и\ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x = - 3\sqrt{2} \\ y = 0 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ .\]
\[Если\ a < - 3,\ то\ решений\ нет.\]
\[Если\ a = 3,\ то\ 3\ решения;\]
\[если\ a = - 3,\ то\ 1\ решение;\]
\[если\ 3 < a < 3\sqrt{2},\ \]
\[то\ 4\ решения.\]
\[3)\ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x^{2} + y^{2} = a^{2} \\ xy = 4\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} \frac{16}{y^{2}} + y^{2} - a^{2} = 0 \\ x = \frac{4}{y}\text{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ } \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[16 + y^{4} - a^{2}y^{2} = 0\]
\[Пусть\ y^{2} = t,\ \ \]
\[то\ t^{2} - a^{2}t + 16 = 0\]
\[D = a^{4} - 64\]
\[D = 0,\ \ a^{4} = 64,\ \ \]
\[a = \pm 2\sqrt{2} - два\ решения.\]
\[D > 0,\ \ a^{4} > 64,\]
\[\text{\ \ }\left( a^{2} - 8 \right)\left( a^{2} + 8 \right) > 0,\]
\[a < - 2\sqrt{2}\ или\ \]
\[a > 2\sqrt{2} - 4\ решения.\]
\[D < 0,\ \ a^{4} < 64,\ \ \]
\[\left( a^{2} - 8 \right)\left( a^{2} + 8 \right) < 0,\]
\[- 2\sqrt{2} < a < 2\sqrt{2} - нет\]
\[\ решений.\]
\[Ответ:a = \pm 2\sqrt{2} - два\ \]
\[решения,\ a < - 2\sqrt{2}\ или\]
\[\ a > 2\sqrt{2} - 4\ решения,\]
\[- 2\sqrt{2} < a < 2\sqrt{2} - нет\]
\[\ решений.\]
\[\boxed{\text{473.\ }\text{Еуроки\ -\ ДЗ\ без\ мороки}}\]
\[y = - 3x^{2} - (3a - 2)x + 2a + 3;\ \ \ \]
\[x_{1} < - 2 < x_{2}\]
\[D = (3a - 2)^{2} + 12(2a + 3) =\]
\[= 9a^{2} - 12a + 4 + 24a + 36 =\]
\[= 9a^{2} + 12a + 40\]
\[x_{1} = \frac{3a - 2 + \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40}}{- 6}\]
\[x_{2} = \frac{3a - 2 - \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40}}{- 6}\]
\[\frac{3a - 2 + \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40}}{- 6} <\]
\[< - 2 <\]
\[< \frac{3a - 2 - \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40}}{- 6}\]
\[3a - 2 - \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40} <\]
\[< 12 < 3a - 2 +\]
\[+ \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40}\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} 3a - 2 - \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40} < 12 \\ 3a - 2 + \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40} > 12 \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[- \sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40} < - 3a + 14\]
\[\sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40} > 3a - 14\]
\[9a^{2} + 12a + 40 > 9a^{2} -\]
\[- 84a + 196\]
\[96a - 156 > 0\]
\[a > \frac{156}{96}\]
\[a > \frac{13}{8}\]
\[\sqrt{9a^{2} + 12a + 40} > 14 - 3a\]
\[9a^{2} + 12a + 40 > 196 - 84a +\]
\[+ 9a^{2} \Longrightarrow аналогично\ \]
\[неравенству\ \]
\[выше \Longrightarrow a > \frac{13}{8}\]
\[Ответ:\ a > \frac{13}{8}.\]