\[\boxed{\text{1213\ (1213).}\text{\ }\text{Еуроки\ -\ ДЗ\ без\ мороки}}\]
\[1)\ y = \text{ax} - 8\]
\[3a - 8 = - 2\]
\[3a = 6\]
\[a = 2\]
\[Ответ:a = 2.\]
\[2)\ y = \frac{1}{3}x - a\]
\[3 \cdot \frac{1}{3} - a = - 2\]
\[1 - a = - 2\]
\[a = 3\]
\[Ответ:a = 3.\ \]