\[\boxed{\mathbf{664}.}\]
\[1)\ y = 2^{x}\text{\ \ }и\ \ y = 8;\]
\[2^{x} = 8;\]
\[2^{x} = 2^{3};\]
\[x = 3;\]
\[Ответ:\ \ x = 3.\]
\[2)\ y = 3^{x}\text{\ \ }и\ \ y = \frac{1}{3};\]
\[3^{x} = \frac{1}{3};\]
\[3^{x} = 3^{- 1};\]
\[x = - 1;\]
\[Ответ:\ \ x = - 1.\]
\[3)\ y = \left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{x}\ и\ \ y = \frac{1}{16};\]
\[\left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{x} = \frac{1}{16};\]
\[\left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{x} = \left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{2};\]
\[x = 2;\]
\[Ответ:\ \ x = 2.\]
\[4)\ y = \left( \frac{1}{3} \right)^{x}\ и\ \ y = 9;\]
\[\left( \frac{1}{3} \right)^{x} = 9;\]
\[3^{- x} = 3^{2};\]
\[- x = 2;\]
\[x = - 2;\]
\[Ответ:\ \ x = - 2.\]