\[x\frac{км}{ч - скорость\ течения};\]
\[\frac{12}{x}\ ч - по\ течению;\]
\[\frac{12}{5 - x}\ ч - против\ течения.\]
\[12 \cdot (5 - x) + 12x = 10x(5 - x)\]
\[10x^{2} - 50x + 60 = 0\ \ \ \ \ |\ :10\]
\[x^{2} - 5x + 6 = 0\]
\[D = ( - 5)^{2} - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot 6 =\]
\[= 25 - 24 = 1;\ \ \ \sqrt{D} = 1.\]
\[x_{1} = \frac{5 + 1}{2} = \frac{6}{2} = 3;\ \ \ \ \]
\[\ x_{2} = \frac{5 - 1}{2} = \frac{4}{2} = 2\]
\[Ответ:3\frac{км}{ч\ или\ 2\frac{км}{ч.}}\]