\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} (a + 1)x - 4y = a + 5\ \ \ \ \\ x - (a + 1)y = 3\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[1)\ a
eq 0:\ \ \ \]
\[\ \frac{a + 1}{1} = \frac{4}{a + 1}
eq \frac{a + 5}{3}\]
\[\frac{a + 1}{1} = \frac{4}{a + 1}\]
\[(a + 1)^{2} = 4\]
\[(a + 1)^{2} - 4 = 0\]
\[(a + 1 - 2)(a + 1 + 2) = 0\]
\[(a - 1)(a + 3) = 0\]
\[a_{1} = 1;\ \ \ \ a_{2} = - 3.\]
\[\frac{a + 1}{1}
eq \frac{a + 5}{3}\text{\ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[a = 1:\ \ \ \ \]
\[\frac{1 + 1}{1}
eq \frac{1 + 5}{3}\text{\ \ \ \ }\]
\[\frac{2}{1}
eq \frac{6}{3}\text{\ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[2
eq 2.\]
\[a = - 3:\ \ \]
\[\frac{- 3 + 1}{1}
eq \frac{- 3 + 5}{3}\text{\ \ \ \ }\]
\[\frac{- 2}{1}
eq \frac{2}{3}\text{\ \ \ }\]
\[- 2
eq \frac{2}{3}\]
\[Нет\ решений\ при\ a = - 3.\]
\[y + 3 - 4y = 5\]
\[- 3y = 2\]
\[y = - \frac{2}{3}.\]
\[x = - \frac{2}{3} + 3 = 2\frac{1}{3}\]
\[Есть\ решение \Longrightarrow \left( 2\frac{1}{3};\ - \frac{2}{3} \right).\]
\[Ответ:\ \ \ a = - 3.\]