1) $(2-1)(2+1)(2^2+1)(2^4+1)(2^8+1) - 2^{16} = (2^2-1)(2^2+1)(2^4+1)(2^8+1) - 2^{16} = (2^4-1)(2^4+1)(2^8+1) - 2^{16} = (2^8-1)(2^8+1) - 2^{16} = 2^{16} - 1 - 2^{16} = -1$
2) $(2+1)(2^2+1)(2^4+1)(2^8+1)(2^{16}+1) - 2^{32} = (2-1)(2+1)(2^2+1)(2^4+1)(2^8+1)(2^{16}+1) - 2^{32} = (2^2-1)(2^2+1)(2^4+1)(2^8+1)(2^{16}+1) - 2^{32} = (2^4-1)(2^4+1)(2^8+1)(2^{16}+1) - 2^{32} = (2^8-1)(2^8+1)(2^{16}+1) - 2^{32} = (2^{16}-1)(2^{16}+1) - 2^{32} = 2^{32} - 1 - 2^{32} = -1$