\[\boxed{\mathbf{2.}}\]
\[20 + x = 50\]
\[x = 50 - 20\]
\[x = 30.\]
\[Проверка.\]
\[20 + 30 = 50\]
\[50 = 50.\]
\[2 + x = 50\]
\[x = 50 - 2\]
\[x = 48.\]
\[Проверка.\]
\[2 + 48 = 50\]
\[50 = 50.\]
\[x + 40 = 70\]
\[x = 70 - 40\]
\[x = 30.\]
\[Проверка.\]
\[30 + 40 = 70\]
\[70 = 70.\]
\[x + 4 = 70\]
\[x = 70 - 4\]
\[x = 66.\]
\[Проверка.\]
\[66 + 4 = 70\]
\[70 = 70.\]
\[60 + x = 100\]
\[x = 100 - 60\]
\[x = 40.\]
\[Проверка.\]
\[60 + 40 = 100\]
\[100 = 100.\]
\[x + 6 = 100\]
\[x = 100 - 6\]
\[x = 94.\]
\[Проверка.\]
\[94 + 6 = 100\]
\[100 = 100.\]