\[R = 8\ см.\]
\[1)\ a = 4{^\circ}:\]
\[L = \frac{\pi\text{Ra}}{180{^\circ}} = 8\pi \bullet \frac{4{^\circ}}{180{^\circ}} = \frac{8\pi}{45}.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ \frac{8\pi}{45}\ см.\]
\[2)\ a = 320{^\circ}:\]
\[L = \frac{\pi\text{Ra}}{180{^\circ}} = 8\pi \bullet \frac{320{^\circ}}{180{^\circ}} = \frac{128\pi}{9}.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ \frac{128\pi}{9}\ см.\]