\[Схематический\ рисунок.\]
\[Дано:\]
\[AB - сторона;\]
\[OH\bot AB;\]
\[OH = r;\]
\[AB = a;\]
\[OA = OB = R.\]
\[Найти:\]
\[\text{a.}\]
\[Решение.\]
\[1)\ \mathrm{\Delta}AOB - равнобедренный:\]
\[AO = OB = R.\]
\[Отсюда:\]
\[AH = BH = \frac{1}{2}AB = \frac{1}{2}\text{a.}\]
\[2)\ 2BH = 2\sqrt{OB^{2} - OH^{2}}\]
\[a = 2\sqrt{R^{2} - r^{2}}.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ 2\sqrt{R^{2} - r^{2}}.\]