\[\boxed{\text{56\ (56).}\text{\ }\text{Еуроки\ -\ ДЗ\ без\ мороки}}\]
\[a^{2} + b^{2} = 18\ \ и\ \ (a + b)^{2} = 20\]
\[(a + b)^{2} = a^{2} + 2ab + b^{2} = 20\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} a^{2} + 2ab + b^{2} = 20 \\ a^{2} + b^{2} = 18\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[18 + 2ab = 20\]
\[2ab = 20 - 18\]
\[2ab = 2\]
\[ab = 1\]
\[Ответ:ab = 1.\]