\[\boxed{\text{361\ (361).\ }\text{Еуроки\ -\ ДЗ\ без\ мороки}}\]
\[1)\ x_{0} = - \frac{b}{2a}\]
\[- \frac{b}{2a} = 1\]
\[b = - 2a\ \ \]
\[a = 1 \rightarrow b = - 2:\]
\[y = x^{2} - 2x.\]
\[2)\ x_{0} = - \frac{b}{2a}\]
\[- \frac{b}{2a} = - 2\ \]
\[a = - 1 \rightarrow b = - 4.\]
\[y = - x^{2} - 4x.\]