\[\boxed{\mathbf{51.}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ x^{4} + x^{3} + x^{2} - 3x = 0\]
\[x \in \lbrack - 2;0\rbrack.\]
\[x^{4} + x^{3} + x^{2} - x - x - x = 0\]
\[x(x - 1)\left( x^{2} + 2x + 3 \right) = 0\]
\[x = 0;\]
\[x - 1 = 0\]
\[x = 1\ (не\ подходит).\]
\[x^{2} + 2x + 3 = 0\]
\[D_{1} = 1 - 3 = - 2 < 0\]
\[нет\ корней.\]
\[Ответ:x = 0.\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ x^{4} + x^{3} + x^{2} - 14x = 0\]
\[x \in \lbrack 3;7\rbrack;\]
\[x\left( x^{3} + x^{2} + x - 14 \right) = 0\]
\[x\left( \left( x^{3} - 8 \right) + \left( x^{2} + x - 6 \right) \right) = 0\]
\[x^{2} + x - 6 = 0\]
\[x_{1} + x_{2} = - 1;\ \ x_{1} \cdot x_{2} = - 6\]
\[x_{1} = - 3;\ \ x_{2} = 2.\]
\[x^{2} + x - 6 = (x - 2)(x + 3).\]
\[x(x - 2)\left( x^{2} + 3x + 7 \right) = 0\]
\[x = 0\ (не\ подходит);\]
\[x = 2\ (не\ подходит);\]
\[x^{2} + 3x + 7 = 0\]
\[D = 9 - 28 = - 19 < 0\]
\[нет\ корней.\]
\[Ответ:нет\ решения.\]