\[1)\ 3^{2x} - 3^{x} = 72\]
\[3^{2x} - 3^{x} - 72 = 0\]
\[D = 1 + 288 = 289\]
\[3_{1}^{x} = \frac{1 - 17}{2} = - 8;\]
\[3_{2}^{x} = \frac{1 + 17}{2} = 9;\]
\[3^{x} = 3^{2}\]
\[x = 2.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ 2.\]
\[2)\ 4^{x} - 2^{x + 1} = 48\]
\[2^{2x} - 2 \bullet 2^{x} - 48 = 0\]
\[D = 4 + 192 = 196\]
\[2_{1}^{x} = \frac{2 - 14}{2} = - 6;\]
\[2_{2}^{x} = \frac{2 + 14}{2} = 8;\]
\[2^{x} = 2^{3}\]
\[x = 3.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ 3.\]