\[\boxed{\mathbf{476.}}\]
\[1)\ tg( - a) \bullet \cos a + \sin a =\]
\[= - tg\ a \bullet \cos a + \sin a =\]
\[= - \frac{\sin a}{\cos a} \bullet \cos a + \sin a =\]
\[= - \sin a + \sin a = 0\]
\[2)\cos a - ctg\ a \bullet \left( - \sin a \right) =\]
\[= \cos a + ctg\ a \bullet \sin a =\]
\[= \cos a + \frac{\cos a}{\sin a} \bullet \sin a =\]
\[= \cos a + \cos a = 2\cos a\]
\[3)\ \frac{\cos( - a) + \sin( - a)}{\cos^{2}a - \sin^{2}a} =\]
\[= \frac{1}{\cos a + \sin a}\]