\[\boxed{\mathbf{302}.}\]
\[1)\ P(x) = x^{3} - 3x^{2} + 5x + 7;\]
\[\text{\ \ Q}(x) = 2x + 1;\]
\[2x + 1 = 0\]
\[x = - \frac{1}{2}.\]
\[P\left( - \frac{1}{2} \right) = - \frac{1}{8} - 3 \cdot \frac{1}{4} - 5 \cdot \frac{1}{2} +\]
\[+ 7 = - \frac{1}{8} - \frac{6}{8} - \frac{20}{8} + 7 =\]
\[= - \frac{27}{8} + \frac{56}{8} = \frac{29}{8}.\]
\[Ответ:\ \frac{29}{8}.\]
\[2)\ P(x) = x^{5} - x^{3} + 2x + 1;\ \ \]
\[Q(x) = 3x + 6;\]
\[3x + 6 = 0\]
\[x = - 2.\]
\[P( - 2) = - 32 + 8 - 4 + 1 =\]
\[= - 27.\]
\[Ответ:\ - 27.\]