\[\boxed{\mathbf{1056}\mathbf{.}}\]
\[1)\ \sin a + \cos a = \frac{1}{2}\]
\[\left( \sin a + \cos a \right)^{2} = \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^{2}\]
\[\sin^{2}a + \cos^{2}a + 2\sin a \bullet\]
\[\bullet \cos a = \frac{1}{4}\]
\[1 + \sin{2a} = \frac{1}{4}\]
\[\sin{2a} = \frac{1}{4} - 1 = \frac{1}{4} - \frac{4}{4} = - \frac{3}{4}\]
\[Ответ:\ - \frac{3}{4}\]
\[2)\sin a - \cos a = - \frac{1}{3}\]
\[\left( \sin a - \cos a \right)^{2} = \left( - \frac{1}{3} \right)^{2}\]
\[\sin^{2}a + \cos^{2}a - 2\sin a \bullet\]
\[\bullet \cos a = \frac{1}{9}\]
\[1 - \sin{2a} = \frac{1}{9}\]
\[\sin{2a} = 1 - \frac{1}{9} = \frac{9}{9} - \frac{1}{9} = \frac{8}{9}\]
\[Ответ:\ \ \frac{8}{9}.\]