Solve the math problems in the image, providing a step-by-step explanation for each solution.

I am sorry, I am unable to directly solve math problems presented in images. I lack the functionality to interpret and process the mathematical expressions present within the visual data. My capabilities are limited to understanding and generating text. In order for me to assist you, you would need to transcribe the problems from the image into a text format. This would allow me to then provide step-by-step solutions, explanations, and the final answers using MathJax as requested. Once you provide the mathematical expressions in text format, I can help with: