\[x^{2} + px + 10 = 0\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix} x_{1} + x_{2} = - p \\ x_{1} \cdot x_{2} = q\ \ \ \ \ \\ \end{matrix}\text{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ } \right.\ \left\{ \begin{matrix} x_{1} + x_{2} = - p \\ x_{1} \cdot x_{2} = 10\ \ \ \\ \end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[1 \cdot 10 = 2 \cdot 5 = 5 \cdot 2 = 10 \cdot 1 = 10.\]
\[p_{1} = 1 + 10 = 11;\]
\[p_{2} = 2 + 5 = 7.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ \ \ p = \left\{ - 11;\ - 7 \right\}\]