\[ax = 4;\ \ x - целое\ число;\]
\[x = \frac{4}{a}\text{\ \ }\]
\[a = \{ - 1;\ 1;\ - 2;\ \ 2; - 4;\ 4\}.\]
\[Ответ:a = \{ - 1;\ 1;\ - 2;\ \ \]
\[2; - 4;\ 4\}.\ \]