\[q = 2;\ \ S_{8} = 765\]
\[S_{8} = b_{1} \cdot \frac{q^{8} - 1}{q - 1}\ \]
\[765 = b_{1} \cdot 255\]
\[b_{1} = 765\ :255 = 3.\]
\[Ответ:3.\]