\[\boxed{\mathbf{1.}\mathbf{147}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ 85 + 203x + 102x + 91 =\]
\[= (85 + 91) + (203x + 102x) =\]
\[= 176 + 305x\]
\[x = 76:\]
\[176 + 305 \cdot 76 =\]
\[= 176 + 23\ 180 = 23\ 356.\]
\[x = 201:\]
\[176 + 305 \cdot 201 = 64\ 481.\ \]
\[\textbf{б)}\ 79y - (23y - 15y) =\]
\[= 79y - 8y = 71y\]
\[y = 15:\]
\[71 \cdot 15 = 1065.\]
\[y = 309:\]
\[71 \cdot 309 = 21\ 939.\]