\[\boxed{\text{5.33.}}\]
\[l \approx 3d.\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ r = 12\ см:\ \]
\[d = 12 \cdot 2 = 24\ см.\ \]
\[l = 24 \cdot 3 = 72\ (см)\text{.\ }\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ l = 84\ дм:\]
\[d = 84\ :3 = 28\ дм.\]
\[r = 28\ :2 = 14\ (дм)\text{.\ }\]