\[\boxed{\mathbf{3.}\mathbf{283}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ (x + 85)\ :36 = 72\]
\[x + 85 = 72 \cdot 36\]
\[x + 85 = 2592\]
\[x = 2592 - 85\]
\[x = 2507.\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ 483\ :k - 33 = 36\]
\[483\ :k = 36 + 33\]
\[483\ :k = 69\]
\[k = 483\ :69\]
\[k = 7.\]
\[\textbf{в)}\ p\ :27 - 88 = 24\]
\[p\ :27 = 24 + 88\]
\[p\ :27 = 112\]
\[p = 112 \cdot 27\]
\[p = 3024.\]
\[\textbf{г)}\ 34 \cdot (q - 43) = 374\]
\[q - 43 = 374\ :34\]
\[q - 43 = 11\ \]
\[q = 11 + 43\]
\[q = 54.\]