\[\boxed{\mathbf{3.}\mathbf{277}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ 24 + b = 37\]
\[b = 37 - 24\]
\[b = 13.\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ y + 37 = 24\]
\[y = 24 - 37\]
\[нет\ решения.\]
\[\textbf{в)}\ c - 37 = 24\]
\[c = 24 + 37\]
\[c = 61.\]
\[\textbf{г)}\ 24 - d = 37\]
\[d = 24 - 37\]
\[нет\ решения.\]
\[\textbf{д)}\ 37 - r = 24\]
\[r = 37 - 24\]
\[r = 13.\]
\[\textbf{е)}\ 24 + k = 0\]
\[k = 0 - 24\]
\[нет\ решения.\]