\[\boxed{\text{42.}}\]
\[Миша\ задумал\ число:\]
\[30 - 25 = 5.\]
\[Егор\ задумал\ число:\]
\[55 - 49 = 6.\]
\[Лёля\ задумала\ число:\]
\[89 - 80 = 9.\]
\[Тоня\ задумала\ число:\]
\[37 - 27 = 10.\]
\[\boxed{\text{43.}}\]
\[44 + x = 58\]
\[x = 58 - 44\]
\[x = 14\]
\[Проверка:\]
\[44 + 14 = 58\]
\[58 = 58.\]
\[28 + x = 54\]
\[x = 54 - 28\]
\[x = 26\]
\[Проверка:\]
\[28 + 26 = 54\]
\[54 = 54.\]
\[25 + x = 71\]
\[x = 71 - 25\]
\[x = 46\]
\[Проверка:\]
\[25 + 46 = 71\]
\[71 = 71.\]
\[\boxed{\text{44.}}\]
\[8 \cdot 6 \Longrightarrow 48\]
\[7 \cdot 8 \Longrightarrow 56\]
\[6 \cdot 9 \Longrightarrow 54\]
\[54\ :6 \Longrightarrow 9\]