\[\boxed{\mathbf{10.}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ x - 16 = 30\]
\[x = 30 + 16\]
\[x = 46.\]
\[28 - x = 9\]
\[x = 28 - 9\]
\[x = 19.\]
\[x + 37 = 60\]
\[x = 60 - 37\]
\[x = 23.\]
\[27 + x = 48\]
\[x = 48 - 27\]
\[x = 21.\]
\[65 - x = 12\]
\[x = 65 - 12\]
\[x = 53.\]
\[x - 3 = 69\]
\[x = 69 + 3\]
\[x = 72.\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ 94 - x = 56\]
\[x = 94 - 56\]
\[x = 38.\]
\[x - 24 = 48\]
\[x = 48 + 24\]
\[x = 72.\]
\[x + 18 = 83\]
\[x = 83 - 18\]
\[x = 65.\]