\[\boxed{\mathbf{13.}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ 60 - 12 + 1 = 48 + 1 = 49\]
\[38 + 5 - 20 = 43 - 20 = 23\]
\[91 - 4 - 7 = 87 - 7 = 80\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ 52 + (31 - 3) = 52 + 28 =\]
\[= 80\]
\[71 - (16 + 7) = 71 - 23 = 48\]
\[80 - 24 + 4 = 56 + 4 = 60\]
\[80 - 49\ :7 = 80 - 7 = 73\]
\[90 - 8 \cdot 8 = 90 - 64 = 26\]
\[5 \cdot 9 - 45 = 45 - 45 = 0\]