\[2)\ (76 + 24) - 45 =\]
\[= 100 - 45 = 55\]
\[3)\ 48 - (57 - 9) = 48 - 48 = 0\]
\[\boxed{\mathbf{19.}}\]
\[1)\ Увеличить:\ \]
\[51 + 8 = 59\]
\[51 + 25 = 76\]
\[51 + 17 = 68\]
\[51 + 37 = 88\]
\[2)\ Уменьшить:\]
\[89 - 25 = 64\]
\[89 - 11 = 78\]
\[89 - 40 = 49\]
\[89 - 80 = 9\]
\[\boxed{\mathbf{20.}}\]
\[9 + 25 = 34\ (м) - длина\ синего\ \]
\[кита.\]
\[Ответ:34\ м.\]