\[\boxed{\mathbf{1.}}\]
\[Встречное\ движение:\]
\[s = v_{сбл} \cdot t\]
\[v_{сбл} = v_{1} + v_{2}\]
\[Движение\ вдогонку:\]
\[s = v_{сбл} \cdot t\]
\[v_{сбл} = v_{1} - v_{2}\]
\[\boxed{\mathbf{2.}}\]
\[50\ :(8 - 6) = 25\ (мин) -\]
\[сороконожка\ догонит\ муравья.\]
\[Ответ:через\ 25\ мин.\]
\[\boxed{\mathbf{3.}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ s = (m - n) \cdot 3\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ t = s\ :(m - n)\]
\[\textbf{в)}\ t = a\ :(m + n)\]
\[\textbf{г)}\ d_{5} = a - (m + n) \cdot 5\]
\[\boxed{\mathbf{4.}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ A\left( \frac{6}{7} \right);\ \ B\left( 1\frac{5}{7} \right);\ \ \]
\[C\left( 3\frac{2}{7} \right);\ \ D\left( 4\frac{3}{7} \right).\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ \left( 1\frac{5}{7} + 3\frac{2}{7} \right) - \left( 4\frac{3}{7} - \frac{6}{7} \right) =\]
\[= 4\frac{7}{7} - 4\frac{3}{7} + \frac{6}{7} =\]
\[= \frac{4}{7} + \frac{6}{7} = \frac{10}{7} = 1\frac{3}{7}\ \]
\[\boxed{\mathbf{5.}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ \ v_{2} = b - c\ :5\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ d_{3} = s + (n - a) \cdot 3\ \]