\[\boxed{\mathbf{40.\ }еуроки - ответы\ на\ пятёрку}\]
\[1)\ a = b + 12\ см:\]
\[P = 2a + 2b = 112\]
\[2a + 2b = 112\]
\[a + b = 56.\]
\[b + b + 12 = 56\]
\[2b = 44\]
\[b = \frac{44}{2} = 22.\]
\[a = 22 + 12 = 34.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ 22\ см;\ 34\ см.\]
\[2)\ a\ :b = 5\ :9:\]
\[P = 2a + 2b = 112\]
\[2a + 2b = 112\]
\[a + b = 56\]
\[\frac{5}{9}b + b = 56\ \ \ \ \ | \cdot 9\]
\[5b + 9b = 504\]
\[14b = 504\]
\[b = \frac{504}{14} = 36.\]
\[a = \frac{5}{9} \bullet 36 = 20.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ 20\ см;\ 36\ см.\]