\[\boxed{\mathbf{910\ (910).\ }Еуроки\ - \ ДЗ\ без\ мороки}\]
\[S = 256;\ \ S_{3} = 252\]
\[S = \frac{b_{1}}{1 - q} = 256 \Longrightarrow \ b_{1} =\]
\[= 256 \cdot (1 - q)\]
\[S_{3} = \frac{b_{1}\left( q^{3} - 1 \right)}{q - 1} = 252\]
\[\frac{256 \cdot (1 - q)\left( q^{3} - 1 \right)}{(q - 1)} = 252\]
\[- 256 \cdot \left( q^{3} - 1 \right) = 252\]
\[q^{3} - 1 = - \frac{252}{256}\]
\[q^{3} - 1 = - \frac{63}{64}\]
\[q³ = \frac{1}{64} \Longrightarrow \ \ q = \frac{1}{4}\]
\[при\ \ q = \frac{1}{4} \Longrightarrow \ \ b_{1} =\]
\[= 256 \cdot \left( 1 - \frac{1}{4} \right) = 256 \cdot \frac{3}{4} =\]
\[= 64 \cdot 3 = 192.\]
\[Ответ:\ b_{1} = 192;\ q = 0,25.\]