\[\boxed{\text{1262.\ }\text{еуроки}\text{-}\text{ответы}\text{\ }\text{на}\text{\ }\text{пятёрку}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ \frac{3^{n + 1} - 3^{n}}{2} = \frac{3^{n} \cdot 3 - 3^{n}}{2} =\]
\[= \frac{3^{n}(3 - 1)}{2} = \frac{3^{n} \cdot 2}{2} = 3^{n}\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ \frac{2^{n} + 2^{- n}}{4^{n} + 1} = \frac{2^{n} + \frac{1}{2^{n}}}{2^{2n} + 1} =\]
\[= \frac{\frac{2^{2n} + 1}{2^{n}}}{2^{2n} + 1} = \frac{2^{2n} + 1}{2^{n}(2^{2n} + 1)} = \frac{1}{2^{n}}\]