\[\boxed{\mathbf{16.}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ y = x^{4} - 5x^{2} + 8\cos x\]
\[y( - x) =\]
\[= ( - x)^{4} - 5 \cdot ( - x)^{2} + 8\cos( - x) =\]
\[= x^{4} - 5x^{2} + 8\cos x = y(x).\]
\[Функция\ четная.\]
\[\textbf{б)}\ y = 7x^{6} + 6x^{4} - 5\]
\[y( - x) =\]
\[= 7 \cdot ( - x)^{6} + 6 \cdot ( - x)^{4} - 5 =\]
\[= 7x^{6} + 6x^{4} - 5 = y(x).\]
\[Функция\ четная.\]