\[1)\ z^{4} - 3z^{2} - 4 = 0\]
\[D = 9 + 16 = 25\]
\[z_{1}^{2} = \frac{3 - 5}{2} = - 1;\ \]
\[z_{2}^{2} = \frac{3 + 5}{2} = 4;\]
\[z_{1} = \pm \sqrt{- 1} = \pm i;\]
\[z_{2} = \pm \sqrt{4} = \pm 2.\]
\[Ответ:\ \pm i;\ \pm 2.\]
\[2)\ z^{4} + 15z^{2} - 16 = 0\]
\[D = 225 + 64 = 289\]
\[z_{1}^{2} = \frac{- 15 - 17}{2} = - 16;\text{\ \ }\]
\[z_{2}^{2} = \frac{- 15 + 17}{2} = 1;\]
\[z_{1} = \pm \sqrt{- 16} = \pm 4i;\text{\ \ }\]
\[z_{2} = \pm \sqrt{1} = \pm 1.\]
\[Ответ:\ \pm 4i;\ \pm 1.\]