\[1)\ z + 3\overline{z} = 8 + 12i\]
\[z = x + yi:\]
\[(x + yi) + 3(x - yi) = 8 + 12i\]
\[x + yi + 3x - 3yi = 8 + 12i\]
\[4x - 2yi = 8 + 12i\]
\[4x = 8\]
\[x = 2.\]
\[- 2y = 12\]
\[y = - 6.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ z = 2 - 6i.\]
\[2)\ 4z - \overline{z} = - 9 + 10i\]
\[z = x + yi:\]
\[4(x + yi) - (x - yi) = - 9 + 10i\]
\[4x + 4yi - x + yi = - 9 + 10i\]
\[3x + 5yi = - 9 + 10i\]
\[3x = - 9\]
\[x = - 3.\]
\[5y = 10\]
\[y = 2.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ z = - 3 + 2i.\]