\[1)\ C_{4}^{0} + C_{4}^{1} + C_{4}^{2} + C_{4}^{3} + C_{4}^{4} =\]
\[= 2^{4} = 16.\]
\[2)\ C_{7}^{0} + C_{7}^{1} + C_{7}^{2} + C_{7}^{3} = x\]
\[2^{7} - \left( C_{7}^{3} + C_{7}^{2} + C_{7}^{1} + C_{7}^{0} \right) = x\]
\[2^{7} - x = x\]
\[2x = 2^{7}\]
\[x = 2^{6} = 64.\]