\[1)\cos x = - \frac{1}{2};\ \ \ \left\lbrack - \frac{\pi}{2};\ \pi \right\rbrack:\]
\[y = \cos x;\ y = - \frac{1}{2}.\]
\[Ответ:\ \ \frac{2\pi}{3}.\]
\[2)\cos x = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2};\ \left\lbrack - \frac{3\pi}{2};\ 0 \right\rbrack:\]
\[y = \cos x;\ y = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.\]
\[Ответ:\ - \frac{\pi}{4}.\]