\[x\frac{км}{ч - скорость\ течения;}\]
\[\frac{12}{x}\ ч - по\ течению;\]
\[\frac{12}{6 - x}\ ч - против\ течения.\]
\[12 \cdot (6 - x) + 12x = 8x(6 - x)\]
\[8x^{2} - 48x + 72 = 0\ \ \ \ \ \ |\ :8\]
\[x^{2} - 6x + 9 = 0\]
\[(x - 3)^{2} = 0\]
\[(x - 3) = 0\]
\[x = 3\]
\[Ответ:3\frac{км}{ч.}\]