\[\frac{4x - 4y + ax - ay}{x^{2} - y^{2}} =\]
\[= \frac{4 \cdot (x - y) + a(x - y)}{x^{2} - y^{2}} = \frac{(x - y)(4 + a)}{(x - y)(x + y)} =\]
\[= \frac{4 + a}{x + y}\]
\[При\ a = 2;\ \ x = 7,3;\ \ y = - 7,8:\]
\[\frac{4 + 2}{7,3 - 7,8} = \frac{6}{- 0,5} = - \frac{60}{5} = - 12.\]