\[x^{3} - 5x^{2} - x + 5 = 0\]
\[x^{2}(x - 5) - (x - 5) = 0\]
\[(x - 5)\left( x^{2} - 1 \right) = 0\]
\[(x - 5)(x - 1)(x + 1) = 0\]
\[x - 5 = 0;\ \ \ x - 1 = 0;\ \ \ x + 1 = 0\]
\[x = 5\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ x = 1\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ x = - 1\]
\[Ответ:x = \pm 1;\ \ x = 5.\]