\[x^{3} + 2x^{2} - 36x - 72 = 0\]
\[x^{2} \cdot (x + 2) - 36 \cdot (x + 2) = 0\]
\[(x + 2)(x - 6)(x + 6) = 0\]
\[x = - 2,\ \ x = 6,\ \ x = - 6\]
\[Ответ:\ x = - 2;\ x = \pm 6.\ \]