\[x^{5}y - x^{3}y - x^{5} + x^{3} =\]
\[= x^{3}y\left( x^{2} - 1 \right) - x^{3}\left( x^{2} - 1 \right) =\]
\[= \left( x^{2} - 1 \right)\left( x^{3}y - x^{3} \right) =\]
\[= x^{3}(x - 1)(x + 1)(y - 1)\]